Organizational culture is a crucial aspect for a business to thrive. A positive employee experience leads to a better customer experience and ultimately contributes to the organization’s success. However, it’s essential to understand what organizational culture entails and how it can be improved to drive success.

What is organizational culture?

Organizational culture refers to the shared values, beliefs, behaviors, and practices that characterize a company or organization. It can significantly impact the success and overall satisfaction of employees, customers, and stakeholders. In this article, we will delve into the eight most common types of organizational culture and examine the pros and cons of each. We will also discuss the importance of organizational culture and why leaders should prioritize fostering a positive, healthy, and inclusive culture. By understanding the different organizational cultures and their benefits, leaders can take steps toward improving their company’s culture and achieving greater success.

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Organizational culture types

Adhocracy Culture

Adhocracy Culture is a type of organizational culture that values innovation and creativity above all else. This culture focuses on breaking down hierarchies and allowing employees to take risks and try new things without fear of failure. A flat organizational structure, decentralized decision-making, and an emphasis on experimentation and flexibility often characterize adhocracy cultures.

One of the main benefits of an adhocracy culture is the ability to drive innovation and stay ahead of the curve in an ever-changing business landscape. In these cultures, employees are empowered to think outside the box and develop new ideas and approaches that can lead to significant advancements and breakthroughs. This type of culture can also foster a sense of entrepreneurial spirit among employees, encouraging them to take ownership of their work and push the boundaries of what is possible.

However, there are also some potential downsides to adhocracy cultures. These cultures can be chaotic and disorganized, making it difficult for employees to know what is expected of them or where they fit into the bigger picture. Additionally, the focus on experimentation and risk-taking can sometimes lead to mistakes and failures that can hurt the organization. Establishing consistent processes and procedures can also be challenging in an adhocracy culture, resulting in confusion and inefficiencies. As such, leaders in adhocracy cultures must be mindful of these potential downsides and work to strike a balance between fostering innovation and maintaining structure and stability.

Clan Culture

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Clan culture is a type of organizational culture that prioritizes a family-like atmosphere and close-knit relationships among employees. In this culture, employees feel a strong sense of belonging and loyalty to their colleagues. The company often operates like a tight-knit community rather than a traditional business.

One of the key pros of clan culture is the high level of employee morale and satisfaction. When employees feel like they are part of a supportive, close-knit community, they are more likely to be happy and engaged in their work. Additionally, this culture can foster solid and long-lasting employee relationships, leading to better collaboration and teamwork.

However, there are also some downsides to clan culture. For example, the tight-knit relationships and family-like atmosphere can lead to groupthink and an unwillingness to challenge the status quo. Additionally, the focus on loyalty to the “clan” can sometimes override the need for objective decision-making, leading to suboptimal outcomes for the organization. Finally, this type of culture may also not be suitable for employees who value independence and autonomy in the workplace, as there can be pressure to conform to the norms and values of the “clan.”

Customer-Focused Culture

A Customer-Focused Culture is a type of organizational culture that prioritizes customer needs and satisfaction. This culture places customers at the forefront of every decision and action taken within the company. In a Customer-Focused Culture, customer satisfaction and loyalty measure the business’s success.

The pros of a Customer-Focused Culture include the following:

  • Improved customer satisfaction and loyalty.
  • Increased revenue.
  • A positive reputation in the market.

Employees in this culture are trained to put the customer first and are incentivized to do so, leading to high customer service and support. Additionally, a customer-focused culture can attract and retain top talent passionate about serving others.

However, there are also some cons to a Customer-Focused Culture. The constant focus on the customer can lead to burnout and stress among employees, especially if they are not given the necessary resources and support to serve the customers effectively. Additionally, a customer-focused culture can also lead to a lack of focus on internal processes and the development of employees, potentially affecting the company’s long-term success. Moreover, an over-reliance on customer feedback can result in a lack of innovation and creativity within the company.

Hierarchy Culture

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Organizational culture refers to the shared values, beliefs, behaviors, and practices that characterize an organization. A Hierarchy Culture is one with a transparent chain of command and a well-defined structure. In this culture, authority is centralized, and decisions are typically made by those at the top of the organizational hierarchy.

The pros of Hierarchy Culture include stability and predictability, as employees know what is expected of them and to whom they report. This can lead to a high degree of discipline and order in the workplace and help ensure that tasks are completed efficiently and effectively. Additionally, a well-structured hierarchy can provide clarity and direction for employees, allowing them to focus on their work without worrying about who makes decisions or the company’s goals.

However, the cons of Hierarchy Culture include a need for more creativity and innovation, as decisions are often made by a small group at the top of the hierarchy, leaving little room for individual contributions. This can lead to a lack of employee engagement and motivation, as well as a lack of diversity in the workplace. Furthermore, the centralized nature of a Hierarchy Culture can lead to slow decision-making and a lack of agility, as multiple levels must approve management decisions before they are implemented.

Market-Driven Culture

A Market-Driven Culture prioritizes the market and competition, with the organization being driven by market demands and the aim of staying ahead of its competitors. The focus is on meeting customer needs and requests, and the organization is willing to adapt to changes in the market to remain competitive.

One advantage of this culture is its agility to respond quickly to changing market conditions, making it ideal for fast-paced environments where quick action is necessary. It also creates a customer-centric approach, with the organization always focused on meeting customer needs, leading to improved customer satisfaction and loyalty.

However, this focus on the market can detract from other important aspects of the organization, such as employee satisfaction and work-life balance. The constant pressure to stay ahead of the competition can result in an overemphasis on short-term goals at the expense of long-term planning and strategy. Additionally, the continuous emphasis on market demands can lead to disregard for ethics and values, potentially resulting in unethical business practices.

Purpose-Driven Culture

Purpose-Driven Culture prioritizes a company’s mission, vision, and values above all else. This type of culture creates a sense of purpose and meaning for employees and aligns their efforts towards a common goal. Characterized by open communication, transparency, and a commitment to corporate social responsibility, Purpose-Driven Culture fosters engagement and motivation among employees.

The benefits of Purpose-Driven Culture are numerous, including increased employee engagement and motivation. When employees feel a sense of purpose and understand their impact, they become more committed to their work and motivated to perform at their best. This type of culture also leads to increased customer loyalty and higher levels of brand advocacy as customers are attracted to companies that prioritize their values.

However, maintaining a focus on purpose over time can be challenging, especially as a company grows and faces new challenges. Balancing the need for profitability with a commitment to purpose can also be a challenge, leading to trade-offs. Aligning everyone in the organization with the same goal can also be difficult, resulting in conflicting priorities and tensions.

Innovative Culture

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An innovative culture is a type of organizational culture that values creativity, experimentation, and a willingness to take risks. This culture prioritizes developing and implementing new ideas and encourages employees to think outside the box. Companies with an innovative culture are always searching for ways to improve their processes, products, and services to stay ahead of the competition.


The pros of an Innovative Culture include increased productivity and efficiency, as employees have the freedom and support to experiment with new ideas and methods. This leads to a higher rate of innovation, which can give companies a competitive advantage. Additionally, employees in an innovative culture often have a strong sense of purpose and engagement, which can increase job satisfaction and reduce turnover rates.


The cons of an Innovative Culture include the potential for failure, as employees may take risks that do not pay off. This can lead to decreased productivity and reduced morale. Additionally, an innovative culture may be challenging for employees who are more risk-averse or prefer more structure and stability in their work environment. The emphasis on creativity and experimentation may also lead to a lack of consistency in processes and procedures, which can negatively impact efficiency and effectiveness.

Creative Culture

A Creative Culture is a type of organizational culture that emphasizes creativity and innovation. It is a relaxed and open environment empowering employees to express their ideas and take risks. In a Creative Culture, the focus is on new and original thinking and a willingness to challenge the status quo.

There are several benefits of a Creative Culture. Most importantly, it encourages innovation and allows new and creative ideas to surface. This can lead to a significant product, service, and process improvements, which can drive business success. Additionally, a Creative Culture fosters a positive work environment where employees feel valued and will be more engaged and productive.

However, there are also some potential downsides to a Creative Culture. For one, it can sometimes be challenging to maintain structure and discipline in an environment that prioritizes creativity and freedom. Additionally, there is a risk that employees may not take their responsibilities seriously if they are working in a less structured and more relaxed environment. Finally, not all employees may be comfortable in a Creative Culture, as it requires a certain level of creativity and risk-taking, which may not be suitable for everyone.

Improving Organizational Culture

The first step in improving organizational culture is understanding the current culture and its impact on the employees and the business.

It is essential to understand your current organizational culture to gather employee feedback and assess how they perceive the company culture. Conduct anonymous surveys, engage with focus groups, or hold one-on-one conversations with employees. The insights will be used to identify areas where improvements can be made. Additionally, analyzing key performance indicators such as employee satisfaction, turnover rates, and productivity can indicate how the current culture is impacting the business.

Once you understand the current culture well, the next step is establishing a vision for the desired culture and setting specific goals for achieving it. Align the vision with the company’s values and mission and communicate it clearly to all employees. To drive cultural change, involving employees in the process and providing them with the resources and support they need to contribute to the new culture is crucial.
Finally, it’s important to consistently reinforce the desired culture through leadership, communication, and rewards. Leaders should model the behaviors they want to see in their employees and provide regular feedback to support the expected cultural norms. Effective communication strategies that engage employees and keep them informed about the progress in creating the desired culture can help build a sense of ownership and commitment to the change. By taking these steps, companies can make a positive and thriving organizational culture that drives business success and employee satisfaction.

3 Key Steps to Improving Organizational Culture

Organizational culture is a critical aspect of any company and can significantly impact employee morale, customer satisfaction, and overall business success. Improving your company’s culture can be challenging, but with the right approach, it can be a rewarding and beneficial process for all involved. Here are some steps you can take to improve your company’s culture:

  1. Communicate openly and frequently with employees: Communication is vital to fostering a positive culture in any organization. Encourage open communication between employees and management and provide regular updates on the company’s goals and progress. Regular feedback sessions can also help to improve the culture by allowing employees to voice their concerns and suggestions for improvement.
  2. Emphasize the importance of teamwork: Collaboration is critical to creating a positive and productive organizational culture. Encourage employees to work together, celebrate their successes as a team, and create a culture of trust and support. Encourage teamwork by regularly recognizing and rewarding teams for their accomplishments and creating opportunities for employees to get to know one another better, such as team-building activities or social events.
  3. Foster a culture of learning and development: A continuous learning and development culture is essential to maintaining a positive and productive work environment. Encourage employees to take on new challenges and opportunities for growth and provide them with the resources and support they need to succeed. Provide training and development programs to help employees grow professionally and personally and celebrate their achievements. By fostering a culture of growth, you can create a more positive, engaging, and fulfilling workplace for all employees.

In Conclusion

Improving organizational culture is essential for a successful business. The eight culture types – adhocracy, clan, customer-focused, hierarchy, market-driven, purpose-driven, innovative, and creative – have their unique characteristics, pros, and cons. It is possible to improve organizational culture by focusing on critical factors such as transparency, communication, employee empowerment, and aligning company values with employee behavior. Leaders should prioritize culture as it significantly impacts employee experience and customer satisfaction. By fostering a positive and supportive work environment, companies can achieve higher levels of engagement, collaboration, and innovation, leading to long-term success.

Additional Resources

https://hbr.org/2021/02/company-culture-is-everyones-responsibility

https://www.forbes.com/sites/paulmcdonald/2020/06/25/why-a-positive-company-culture-is-especially-critical-today/?sh=3377f5772e5b

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